Selenium-Cucumber using Ruby

• At a glance…

   Feature: Learning selenium-cucumber using ruby
            As a tester I want to learn selenium-cucumber
   
   Scenario: I am learning selenium-cucumber
          Given I know "selenium-webdriver" and "Cucumber"
          When I navigate to "http://www.seleniumcucumber.info"
          And I make use of "Predefined Steps"       
          Then I have learned "selenium-cucumber" 
  

• This is what “selenium-cucumber” all about. Just write steps and test…
• Selenium-cucumber is a behavior driven development (BDD) approach to write automation test script to test web applications.
• It enables you to write and execute automated acceptance tests of web apps.
• It is cross-platform, open source and free.
• Automate your test cases with minimal coding.
• Code efficient and time efficient.
• Get well formatted test reports.
• All you need is selenium-cucumber gem.
• You can find Source code here.

Before starting with “selenium-cucumber”

• You should have basic knowledge of Selenium-webdriver and Cucumber.                           (You can skip this if you are already familiar)

Pre-requisites

• Mandatory
  1. Ruby (1.9.3 and above) –  Download
  2. Devkit – Download
  3. Gem   –  selenium-cucumber

• Optional
  1. Sublime (Text Editor)  –  Download and Install sublime
  2. Ansicon  –  Download ansicon to get colored output on Windows
  3. Chrome driver – Download chrome driver for selenium.
  4. Internet explorer driver – Download Internet explorer driver for selenium.

• Or download selenium-cucumber bundle where you will find all the above requirements.

Let’s start to automate things…

• Setting up selenium-cucumber

1. Install Ruby.
2. Install Devkit.
3. Open Command Prompt (windows)/ Terminal (Mac)
4. Install selenium-cucumber gem by using command                          “gem install selenium-cucumber”.
5. To use chrome and Internet explorer browsers, add their driver’s path in  the system variable. E.g. create a directory “webdrivers” keep driver’s executable file in it and set “webdrivers” directory path in system variable.                                               (you will find this directory in “selenium-cucumber bundle” )

• Setting up Project

1. Open Command Prompt (windows)/ Terminal (Mac).
2. Create your project directory. E.g. “Gmail Login”.
3. Change directory to your current project directory.
4. To create feature skeleton use command “selenium-cucumber gen” .
5. This will create feature skeleton for writing cucumber script like this

        features
           |
           |__step_definitions
           |     |_custom_steps.rb
           |
           |__support
           |     |_env.rb
           |     |_hooks.rb
           |
           |__expected_images
           |
           |__actual_images
           |
           |__image_difference
           |
           |__screenshots
           |
           |__my_first.feature
   

•  my_first.feature

1. This file contains scenarios expressed in the Gherkin language.
2. Example :

    Feature: Gmail Login
           As a user I should able to login into Gmail.
    
    Scenario: I login with valid credential
           Given I navigate to "http://www.gmail.com"
           And I enter "abc@gmail.com" into input field having id "Email"
           And I enter "123456" into input field having id "Passwd"
           When I click on element having id "signIn"
           And I wait for 15 sec
           Then I should logged in

3. You can get predefined steps here.
4. To run your script simply type command  “cucumber” and hit enter. Make sure you are in your current project directory.

• Step_definitions 
  1. This directory contains ruby files in which you can write code for your custom steps.
  2. Example : custom_step.rb

     require 'selenium-cucumber'
     # Do Not Remove This File
     # Add your custom steps here
     
     Then(/^I should logged in$/)do
               # Your Ruby Code
     end
     
     def method_name param1 param2 ...
               # Your Ruby Code
     end
     

  3. You can add more than one ruby file to write your own code for custom steps.

• Custom Steps
  1. You can write your own steps in a feature file.
  2. You can use selenium-cucumber API’s to write your custom code efficiently.
  3. Example : my_first.feature

     Feature: Gmail Login
          As a user I should able to login into Gmail.
      
     Scenario: I login with valid credentials
     
          Given I open "http://www.gmail.com"
          And I enter username "abc@gmail.com"
          And I enter password "123456"
          when I click button "signIn"
          And I wait for 15 sec
          Then this is my another custom step
     

  4. Run this script by using “cucumber” command and see the suggestions given to implement these steps. It looks like this :

     You can implement step definitions for undefined steps with these snippets:
     
     Given(/^I open "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
       pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
     end
     
     And(/^I enter username "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
       pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
     end
     
     And(/^I enter password "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
       pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
     end
     
     When(/^I click signin button $/) do 
       pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
     end
     
     Then(/^this is my another custom step$/) do
       pending # express the regexp above with the code you wish you had
     end
     
     
     

  5. Now simply copy these steps and paste it in custom_steps.rb file and implement it as given below :

     
     Given(/^I open "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
         step %[I navigate to "#{arg1}"]
     end
     
     And(/^I enter username "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
         step %[I enter "#{arg1}" into input field having id "Email"]
     end
     
     And(/^I enter password "(.*?)"$/) do |arg1|
         step %[I enter "#{arg1}" into input field having id "Passwd"]
     end
     
     When(/^I click signin button$/) do
         step %[I click on element with id "signIn"]
     end
     
     Then(/^this is my another custom step$/) do
         # write your own ruby code here.
     end
     

  6. By above way you can make your features more non-technical.

• Running features
  1. Use “cucumber” command to run features.
  2. Use “cucumber BROWSER=browser_name” to run features on specific browser.
  3. browser_name can be one of following but make sure that browser’s driver file are present and specified in system variable.
     1. ff
     2. chrome
     3. ie
     4. safari
     5. opera
  4. Use “cucumber –format html –out result.html” or
     “cucumber -f html -o result.html” to generate a good looking HTML report.
  5. Use “cucumber features/feature_name.feature” to run specific feature if you have multiple feature files.

  6. C:\Users\abc\Documents\Gmail Login>cucumber
     
     Feature: Gmail Login
         As a user I should able to login into Gmail.
     
     Scenario: I login with valid credentials
         Given I open "http://www.gmail.com"
         And I enter username "abc@gmail.com"
         And I enter password "123456"
         When I click signIn button 
         And I wait for 15 sec
         Then this is my another custom step
     
     1 scenario (1 passed)
     6 steps (6 passed)
     0m26.986s
     

• Download complete example from here.